The Roadmap of Research,

Edition 1 A Guide to Understanding and Writing a Medical Study

Editors: Edited by Vincenzo Giordano, MD PhD FBCS FBAMM, Carlos Oliver Valderrama-Molina, Md, MSc, Fernando Manuel Bidolegui, MD and Robinson Esteves Pires, MD

Publication Date: 01 May 2026

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The Roadmap of Research: A Guide to Understanding and Writing a Medical Study helps readers easily grasp the context, methodologies, findings, and implications of research studies, build on previous work, avoid redundancies, and identify areas where new studies can contribute significantly. The book enables researchers to innovate, propose new ideas, and design studies that contribute novel perspectives or methodologies to the field. Each step in this roadmap plays a pivotal role in the research process, from building a foundation of knowledge through reading and understanding, to generating new ideas through critical thinking, and finally, disseminating findings through clear and effective writing.

Key Features

Presents knowledge to facilitate the formulation of research questions that address gaps in knowledge or challenge existing paradigms
Offers skill building to communicate research findings effectively for dissemination and peer review
Helps readers validate hypotheses, generate empirical evidence, and contribute directly to advancing medical knowledge and practice

About the author

Edited by Vincenzo Giordano, MD PhD FBCS FBAMM, Miguel Couto Municipal Hospital (Rio de Janeiro, RJ – Brazil); Carlos Oliver Valderrama-Molina, Md, MSc, Professor, University of Antioquia, Columbia; Fernando Manuel Bidolegui, MD, Head of the Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Sirio Libanés Hospital and Orthopaedics Department, Otamendi Sanatorium, Buenos Aires, Argentina and Robinson Esteves Pires, MD, Professor of orthopaedic surgery and traumatology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil

PART I RESEARCH PRINCIPLES / RESEARCH PROTOCOL PREPARATION PROCESS
1. Problem definition - PICOT
2. Literature review - the search for evidence
3. Types of scientific study
4. Evidence-based medicine
5. How to conduct a systematic review - basic tutorial

PART II HOW TO WRITE YOUR SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE
1. How to schedule your writing time
2. Definition of the scheme: theme, importance, hypotheses, objectives
3. Anatomy of an article: introduction
4. Anatomy of an article: methods
5. Anatomy of an article: results, tables, and figures
6. Anatomy of an article: discussion, conclusion, and references
7. Anatomy of an article: title, summary, and keywords
8. Checklist before submission

PART III MOST FREQUENT STATISTICAL METHODS
1. Risk measures and meaning of P
2. Power calculation and sample size.
3. Randomization strategies
4. Meta-analysis

PART IV RELEVANT ASPECTS OF THE STUDY
1. Understanding inclusion and exclusion criteria
2. Guidelines for adapting and obtaining informed consent
3. Guidelines for ethical review of the protocol
4. What are the principles and when to apply your project to an ethics committee

PART V UNDERSTANDING LITERATURE
1. The importance of good medical practice as a basis of evidence in the decision-making process
2. How to search for an article using referral programs
3. Bad editorial practices
4. Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT)
5. Critical reading of an article (WORKSHOP)

PART VI NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN RESEARCH
1. The 7 principles of education
2. Gamification
3. Virtual reality in medicine
4. Augmented reality in medicine
5. Artificial intelligence

ISBN: 9780443342646

Page Count: 200

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Researchers, medical students, young surgeons, senior surgeons, new researchers, medical professionals